Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 9 | Article 65

Table 1. Acute toxicity of two feeding blockers flonicamid and pymetrozine, and the neonicotinoid imidacloprid against nymphs of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum when challenged for 24, 48 and 72 h in the artificial diet.

Insecticide	LC₅₀ (95% CI) (μg/ml)
	24 h	48 h	72 h
Flonicamid	20.4 (4.1–100)	0.39 (0.22–0.67)	0.24 (0.09–0.60)
Pymetrozine	100 (25%) ^*	0.24 (0.02–2.01)	0.01 (0.003–0.04)
Imidacloprid	100 (16%) ^*	0.14 (0.06–3.3)	0.03 (0.01–0.09)

^*In the case that no or only low mortality is scored, the highest concentration tested is given with the mortality percentage between brackets
Data are expressed as LC50 values in μg active ingredient per ml diet, representing the concentration to kill 50% of the aphid population challenged, respectively.